Orthopedics is a specialized branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis, correction, prevention, and treatment of skeletal deformities. This includes disorders affecting the bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, nerves, and skin — all of which make up the musculoskeletal system.
The musculoskeletal system is a complex network that enables movement, physical function, and coordination. Orthopedic care was originally centered around treating children with spine and limb deformities, but today, orthopedic specialists care for patients of all ages — from newborns with clubfoot, to athletes with sports injuries, to seniors with arthritis.
Orthopedic doctors (also known as orthopedic surgeons or orthopedists) specialize in treating conditions related to the musculoskeletal system. They use both surgical and non-surgical methods to address a wide range of issues, including:
Orthopedists focus on treating pain and dysfunction in specific areas such as:
Orthopedic doctors use a combination of diagnostic tools and treatment methods tailored to each patient’s needs. Diagnosis often involves:
Treatment may include:
Orthopedic surgeons are often involved in trauma care and work closely with other healthcare professionals to manage complex cases. They also play a critical role in emergency and multidisciplinary care teams.
Modern orthopedic care has greatly benefited from advancements such as minimally invasive surgery, joint replacement procedures, and arthroscopy — a technique that allows surgeons to view and treat problems inside a joint without making large incisions.
Your first visit to an orthopedic specialist typically involves a thorough consultation and may include diagnostic testing. Based on the findings, your doctor will explain available treatment options and help you choose the most suitable plan to restore your mobility and improve your quality of life.